VVCB Kapušany

Production and use of biogas

Anaerobic fermentation (anaerobic digestion or methane fermentation) is a biochemical conversion of biomass while the biogas is released. The fermentation takes place in airtight tank of the biogas plant (fermenter) where the biomass is heated up to the operating temperature for specific period of time (usually experimentally validated). The biomass without oxygen is decomposed by the action of methanogenic bacterias at temerature from 5 to 60 ° C to produce biogas and liquid or mashed digestate. For fermentation the mesophilic zone is mostly used.

Fermentation and biogas production

The fermentation usually takes place the large digestion tanks - fermenter - and it consists of four phases.

Hydrolysis

This takes place while still in the environment that contains residual air oxygen. Organic polymers (polysaccharides, lipids, proteins) with the help of anaerobic bacterias decompose into monomers - alcohols and fatty acids, releasing hydrogen (H2) and carbon dioxide (CO2).

Acidogenesis

Reaction when residue oxygen is used creating anaerobic environment and volatile fatty acids. This transformation is performed facultatively anaerobic microorganisms that are capable of existing in both environments.

Acetogenesis

Acidogenic bacterias convert volatile organic acids and alcohol into the acetic acid, H2 and CO2.

Metanogenesys

It is the last stage of decomposition process in which methanogenic bacterias in an environment without air convert acetic acid to methane (CH4) and CO2 and hydrogentrofic bacterias produce methane from CO2 and H2.

Energy

woody crops

Energy coppice of the fast-growing trees are perspective source of fuel phytomass. Energy woody crops can be planted on land not suitable for traditional agricultural and forestry production, on soils temporarily excluded from agricultural production, contaminated soils, which are suitable only for non-food production and also on devastated areas in industrial agglomerations.

Energy

crops

Genetically cultivated energy crops specially grown pellets production or as fuel for direct combustion, as a substrate for bioplants or for production of motor fuels in various forms. This group includes a variety of permanent and annual crops. Energy crops are generally considered easy to grow, but in no case they grow without maintenance or weeds. Energy crops like other crops need specific care, otherwise we can expect only very low or no harvest.The farmer must also consider the capacity of the processing. That is why it is important to ensure consumption or further processing .